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Cookson, the British Cycling president, is challenging incumbent UCI chief Pat McQuaid for the presidency at next week's Congress in Florence, during the World Championships.
McQuaid has come under fire this year since a raft of allegations were made against the UCI's handling of doping in cycling in the wake of Lance Armstrong's admission in January to having cheated throughout his seven Tour de France victories, of which he has now been stripped.
McQuaid's predecessor Hein Verbruggen was accused by another disgraced dope-cheat, who has been stripped of his one Tour de France victory, Floyd Landis, of having accepted a bribe from Armstrong to cover up a positive dope test from the 2001 Tour of Switzerland, an accusation repeated by another of Armstrong's former US Postal teammates Tyler Hamilton in his award-winning biography "The Secret Race".
Vergruggen denied the allegation, although McQuaid later admitted that the UCI had accepted two donations from Armstrong during his predecessor's tenure.
McQuaid has himself not been free of controversy having brought defamation cases against those who accused the UCI of a cover-up while earlier this month a dossier, allegedly compiled by two investigators with experience working for US government agencies, leaked to the press claims he had solicited a bribe from a cycling team owner in order to promote that team and also attempted to cover up Alberto Contador's failed dope test from the 2010 Tour de France in exchange for money.
Now Cookson says he would usher in an era of greater transparency and credibility if he were elected.
"We need to have a forensic and detailed investigation into all the allegations that have been made about collusion in the UCI over the years," he said during a conference call with a select group of journalists, including AFP, on Tuesday.
"That's still not been made available and I want to make sure that happens sooner rather than later.
"Away from that, we need to establish a genuinely independent anti-doping body for cycling. The fact is people just don't trust the UCI to handle doping properly any longer, and until we have a properly independent body that will continue to be the case.
"So making sure we establish that is a key top priority; we've got to do it in a way that allies us with WADA (world anti-doping agency).
"We need to look at the analysis of what has gone wrong. People have talked of a truth and reconciliation commission -- I'm not entirely comfortable with those words but we certainly need to have a thorough review, something like the Mitchell report in baseball in the United States that was very well received.
"I want to get that under way as soon as I can in the first few weeks of my presidency.
"It's absolutely essential that the mechanism we use to do that has the support of the world anti-doping agency, the IOC (International Olympic Committee) and other bodies that have an involvement, and I think we need to do that sooner rather than later.
"And frankly we need a different leadership for that to even get to that stage."
On that issue, Cookson admitted he is unsure whether McQuaid will be able to stand against him in the election as the current president does not have the backing of his home federation, as required by current UCI statutes.
Even so, Cookson expects to be involved in a vote of some sorts.
"Let's see what Congress comes up with, at the moment I don't see a lot of support for the proposal to allow retrospective nominations (which McQuaid would need to stand)," said the Briton.
"I think the issue of the validity of Pat's nomination is around the nominations he's got: do they fulfil the requirements of the constitution?
"There may well be a discussion about that at the Congress before the proposal, but at the end of the day I've made a commitment to the national federations that I will still insist upon an election, a vote, as to whether they want me or not, even if there is just one candidate."
