The former world number one, who is just six months into a comeback, fell heavily on her right elbow during her fourth-round loss to fellow Belgian Kim Clijsters and tests revealed the damage will force her to miss the last grand slam of the year.
"I took several medical examinations that have revealed a partial ligament fracture of the right elbow," she said on her website on Thursday.
"This injury will keep me away from the courts for a rough period of two months, with the consequence that I have withdrawn from the US Open (starting August 30)."
Henin said she would undergo more tests in about four weeks that would determine when she might be able to return to the courts.