Both Modise and Mphela have been surrounded in controversy in recent weeks as Modise was reported to have gone AWOL from Orlando Pirates training before he was transfered to Mamelodi Sundowns.
Mphela, meanwhile, is refusing to train with the Brazilians as he seeks a transfer abroad.
"We don't condone players who don't attend training sessions, and we don't have room for players who abscond from their clubs in Bafana," said Mosimane.
Another notable absentee is midfielder Macbeth Sibaya, who has been linked with a return to the PSL and has not seen game time in weeks.
Orlando Pirates duo Tlou Segolela and Ruben Cloete have been rewarded for their fine form of late with call-ups to the squad.
Meanwhile, left-back Mzuvukile Tom will replace the injured Tsepo Masilela.
"Four players were recalled from our 'database', and named one new player. We've acknowledged a few players who have been doing well at their clubs, week in and week out," Mosimane added.
"This game is slightly different to the US friendly, because it's the only game we have before Egypt, so we've kept the core of the senior team.
"After Burkina Faso pulled out at the last minute, we hoped to get a North African opposition, and spoke to Libya, and to Burundi, and finally settled on Kenya."
Bafana squad:
Goalkeepers: Itumeleng Khune, Moeneeb Josephs
Defenders: Aaron Mokoena, Bongani Khumalo, Siboniso Gaxa, Anele Ngcongca, Siyabonga Sangweni, Siyanda Xulu, Morgan Gould, Mzuvukile Tom, Ruben Cloete
Midfielders: Thanduyise Khuboni, Reneilwe Letsholonyane, Siphiwe Tshabalala, Steven Pienaar, Andile Jali, Matty Pattison, Kagisho Dikgacoi, Daylon Claasen, Tlou Segolela
Strikers: Bernard Parker, Davide Somma, Kermit Erasmus, Thulani Serero