Potchefstroom - South Africa set Bangladesh a target of 424 to win the first Test at Senwes Park on Sunday.
LIVE SCORECARD: Proteas v Bangladesh, 1st Test
The Proteas declared their second innings on 247 for six midway through the fourth afternoon.
After a thunderstorm interrupted the innings for 47 minutes, South Africa batted for another half an hour before declaring.
A possible 141 overs remained in the match.
South African captain Faf du Plessis made 81 and Temba Bavuma scored 71. Part-time left-arm spinner Mominul Haque claimed a career-best three for 27 as South Africa chased quick runs.